Demystifying the Pilates Principles

The Pilates method was created by Joe Pilates with aspects of many other types of physical activity in mind: yoga, acrobatics, Tai Chi, and gymnastics, to name a few.

However the main thing that makes Pilates unique and different as compared to other styles of exercise is the fact that there are several specific guiding principles that define this method.

All of the principles are equally important and are to be practiced simultaneously throughout your workout, and eventually in other activities that you do.

These principles can and should be applied to any movement or physical activity.

It may seem like a lot to think about at once, but the streamlining of all these principles does take practice and repetition.  But even just noticing and keeping them in mind can be a step towards safer and more controlled movements.Try to keep these in mind as you go about even the smallest movements (not just official “exercise”) during the day.


Alignment and AWARENESS OF YOUR CENTRE

More than the abdominals!

Pilates is a system of exercises meant to stretch and strengthen your muscles at the same time. In order to do this, there must be a central place for the strength and stretching to come from.  Joe Pilates called it the “powerhouse”.

The powerhouse includes abdominal muscles, your spine, shoulder blades, lower back, rib cage, hip muscles.

It is important that before the start of each exercise that your body is in the correct alignment. You will be taught how to set-up for the exercises and find ‘neutral’ spine. The challenge is to maintain your alignment during the exercise by engaging your ‘core’ muscles.

Strength in the limbs is really not worth much if the limbs are not anchored to a solid foundation. Only with this sense of anchoring or drawing inward towards the core is it possible to experience freedom, expansion and flexibility in the peripheral muscles.

Think of the muscles of your core like the roots of a tree: the stronger and deeper the roots, the more freedom and flexibility are possible for the trunk and branches because they have a strong foundation.

Your body works the same way.

A good balance of flexibility and strength is ideal, and it all begins with awareness of centre


BREATHE

Have you ever listened to your own breath?

Correct breathing is so underrated!

We breathe in order to oxygenate our blood, which travels throughout our bodies to help us function, physically and mentally.

We inhale and nourish our blood with oxygen; we exhale in order to rid our bodies of toxins and unnecessary carbon dioxide.

Therefore, quality breathing is crucial for optimal health.

Most of us take it for granted and very rarely think about how we breathe, even when exercising.

Every movement in the Pilates method is purposefully coordinated with a breath in order to cleanse the blood.

Holding the breath or forgetting to breathe will happen at first, but it is not a good habit to get used to!  Practice keeping your breath moving.

Full, functional breathing also involves awareness in knowing where you breathe. Allowing your breath to expand throughout your body can offer freedom and space in your movements.

For example, do you inhale only into the front of your chest, or can you let your breath fill up your back ribs as well? Can you allow your rib cage to expand out to the sides? Can you engage your abdominal muscles and still take a deep breath into your lungs?

Imagine filling up your lungs in all directions, and allowing your spine to lengthen and expand with your inhale, and relax (but not collapse) on the exhale.

Pilates helps to stretch and strengthen the muscles that will help maximize the quality of your breathing.

You will find that the ability to breathe fully and freely will increase your lung capacity, make your movements feel much easier, and can even help you to feel more mentally alert and energized.


CONTROL

One of the goals of Pilates is to develop muscle control.

Even when the movements in Pilates (as well as dance, gymnastics, or other sports) look as if they are done so quickly that body parts are being thrown about, there is a great amount of control involved from the mind as well as many muscle groups.

This control is precisely what makes it look easy! As well it prevents injuries and builds the potential to create more freedom in other areas. Even the movements that you make in between exercises should be made mindfully and with control.


CONCENTRATION

Pilates improves your mind/body connection.

An hour of Pilates often flies by.  One of the things I love about Pilates is that it is so mentally engaging.  There is no time to zone out. Things like talking on your phone, reading the newspaper, listening to headphones or watching TV would take away from the concentration that you need to really connect your mind with your body. With Pilates you do relatively few repetitions but the idea is to get the best out of each one.

Your body needs concentration and attention to fully focus on the quality of your movements.


FLUIDITY

With practice, Pilates exercises are meant to flow from one to the next with seamless continuity.

The transitions between exercises are as important as the exercises themselves, and should be performed with as much attention and care no matter how easy or simple it may seem.

Fluidity makes a Pilates session more of a vigorous workout by moving continuously for up to an hour.

The reason for this principle is because this is how we move about in our daily lives.

Our bodies are designed to move from one physical demand to another. We do this constantly even if we don’t realize it. Many injuries happen when we carelessly transition from doing one movement to another.

Keeping fluidity in mind during Pilates sessions challenges us to be mindful of such transitions.


PRECISION

Each movement in the Pilates method is done with specific purpose and placement.

This is huge!  You will find that many Pilates exercises don’t feel anything like what you expect them to feel like based on what the movement looks like.  I always say to my groups that anyone looking in us would think that we were doing really easy stuff. If you find Pilates easy you’re probably not doing it right ! Getting the deep muscles to work is key! Don’t worry about how you look when you do the exercises. It’s far more important to feel the movement coming from the right place and to keep the other principles in mind during your workout rather than just make the shape of the exercises.

Alignment and muscle tone play a tremendous part in the prevention of injuries.

When practicing Pilates, it is as if you are “teaching” your body to be placed and engaged properly. When your body is positioned correctly, muscle tension, and pressure on joints and ligaments is reduced.

Precision gets results.


RELAXATION

The stronger you get, the more relaxed you will feel.

This is an unofficial principle, but is added to the list because it is a challenge

Many students of Pilates, both new and experienced,  find it hard to only use the muscles that are needed for any given activity or movement.

They unconsciously contract unnecessary muscles and this creates a sense that an exercise is far more difficult than it really is.

Let’s be clear, we all do this when we are working hard and/or learning a new movement.  It’s part of the process of learning how to move differently. Most people are trying so hard to do the exercises correctly that they usually are not even aware that they are doing it. Once they are aware, they can start to relax and use the important muscles more.

Try to take note of your habits and ask yourself: “Are my jaw muscles and tongue relaxed?”, “Are my eyes and eyebrows relaxed?”, “Am I breathing?”, “Are my hands loose?” “Are my shoulders toned but not tense?” and so forth.

It definitely takes some practice to have all of these principles happening at the same time.  So have fun working on it!

When you know these principles and keep them in mind, your Pilates practice will have more meaning to you and the exercises will start to make more sense.  Some days you might pick just one principle to work on for the session. One of the reasons I love Pilates so much is that, because of these details, I always find it to be a challenging, energising, adaptable, progressive, regressive, customisable COMPLETE workout.

Why you need to be doing Reformer Pilates !

It’s called Reformer Pilates, and it’s a lot of (sometimes hard) fun. 

Reformer Pilates uses moves you may be familiar with in a Mat based class, but where Mat Pilates relies on body weight resistance,  Reformer adds spring resistance to tone and strengthen muscles. Results tend to show far sooner with Reformer. It is great for rehabilitation, strengthening and toning  (and weight loss too with the addition of the cardio ‘jump board’)

Incidentally, it’s fun and enjoyable too, which is no small feat when it comes to pushing your body to its limits.  

What is Reformer Pilates?   Pilates has actually been around for quite a while.  A Reformer looks like a rowing machine, but rather than a small seat, there’s a bigger, cushioned space for you to lie down on – this is called the ‘carriage’.  Instead of pulling your weight forward with a handle on a rowing machine, there are weighted springs, arm and leg straps, and pulleys that you use to move the carriage backwards and forwards.  While the Reformer may look a bit scary, its not at all. The carriage is connected to the weighted springs to provide resistance, and you can remove and add weight depending on your strength and abilities. Sometimes, working with much lighter weight can be more difficult than with the heavier ones.  You’ll have to try it to see ! It may look like a torturous contraption, but the machine can be used in many different ways to provide some killer workouts (pun intended), resulting in body control and rock solid abs that support your spine correctly.

The Benefits of Reformer 

• Help to reduce pain and stiffness. • Help improve mobility and function • Self-empowerment to control pain  • Improve movement and function in everyday life • Improve mood and reduce depression by improving confidence and ability • Greater muscle strength and endurance -improves physical ability • Increased mobility and flexibility with better posture and movement quality • Reduction in stress levels, improved sleep patterns • Improve function of the lungs and circulation  • Help improve the strength of the pelvic floor muscles • Reduce recovery time after injury or illness • Provide an excellent start for those who are deconditioned or new to exercise • 1:1  for individual help and attention 

In addition to a strong and sculpted body,  Reformer Pilates will improve postural issues that result from modern day lifestyle factors.  Joseph Pilates created the Reformer machines to allow people to move organically – the way the body should move. The Reformer can help fix the incorrect movement patterns that our bodies have become so used to doing (a byproduct of desk jobs, iPhones, driving, laptops). The human body is complex;  the brain, the muscles and the bones must all work as one. However, it is a master of adaptation in compensating behaviour when the body systems are not working as a team. The body uses compensation patterns to perform motions when strength and mobility in muscles are insufficient and unable to properly move a joint through a range of motion, also when there is a restriction within a joint that does not allow the joint to move freely, regardless of muscular strength.

Compensation patterns will only work for so long before something breaks down. The weakest link in the kinetic chain often ends up suffering an injury or pain.  If you can listen to your body and correct it with Pilates, you can help prevent injury. Reformer work helps recruit and activate the correct muscles to improve posture, strengthen the core and build an all around stronger bod, thus reducing pain levels.  You’ll also improve your flexibility, may see weight loss results and develop long, lean muscles that burn more calories. With regular and sustained practice people can expect to see their body re-shape, leaving them feeling stronger, healthier and energised.

But wait, there’s more. If you do Reformer Pilates you are likely to have a healthier life – long term.  I have seen many people who have started with me with long-term chronic lower back, shoulder, foot, hip and knee issues, and it’s been alleviated or is now completely better since starting Pilates.  With the Reformer the results are even quicker than with Matwork, partly because you simply cannot ‘cheat’. You are held in mostly supported positions so your body is in the correct alignment to tone, tighten and move that body as you should.  

Who can do Reformer pilates?  If you’re wondering if you need to be super fit, don’t worry,  almost anyone can participate – just be sure to inform me beforehand of any concerns.

There aren’t really any restrictions on who can do Reformer Pilates although as the machine does sit just a few inches from the floor the ability to get down onto the floor is necessary. 

Most Pilates exercises can be adapted by me to individual needs, considering any injuries and physical limitations.  The advantage of the 1:1 sessions means that a bespoke and individual programme will be created for you alone. The original Reformer machine was created by Joseph Pilates by attaching springs to beds so that soldiers could start to tone muscles while still bed-bound.  Reformers are now used in some Physiotherapist clinics as a very effective tool in their rehabilitation of injuries; correcting movement imbalances, re-aligning posture and as a low-impact, non cardio form of exercise.

Spinesafe Reformer Pilates and how it differs from Classical Pilates 

The original works of Joseph Pilates were years ahead of the times, but whilst the principles of Pilates are still valid, some of the exercises are not  suitable for many, especially for those with specific spinal conditions or other injuries. Spinesafe Pilates is a more contemporary training approach in its exercise content, ensuring that those with specific medical conditions can exercise safely and effectively.

Why do I love Reformer Pilates?  In my role as a Pilates Teacher I’ve tried a few cool things (and of course, I just love Mat classes – I have benefited so much from them  in keeping me injury free and with a strong immune system – I’m rarely ill) but one of the best things I’ve done is the ‘Spinesafe’ Reformer training.   Before doing so, I thought that a Reformer was just for the rehabilitation of injuries. My assumptions were very wrong ! ( in the same way that people who prefer ‘intense’ exercise say,  ‘Pilates? ‘it’s just stretching on a mat eh?’ ) Nope. While Reformer can definitely rehabilitate injuries, as was Pilates’ original intention, and yes it may be a gentle yet effective form of stretching exercise,  it is so much more. It can really challenge and leave muscles sore in that ‘wow, I had a really good workout’ kind of way.   

Reformer Pilates is highly recommended for anyone struggling with stress, as you’re so focused on what you’re doing,  you’re incidentally being really mindful. You’re concentrating so much on correcting the positions, you don’t notice the time flying by.  It’s one of the few places my mind manages to switch off.

There’s just something so wonderful about Pilates that it makes you smile and gives you a great workout at the same time !

If the thought of a fit body tickles your fancy (who doesn’t want abs?) then please get in touch to see what I can do for you.

I look forward to seeing you on the Pilates Reformer! 

Angela Williams 

Certified Pilates Instructor